Health 2.0 - 2008 (San Francisco) - Day 2

Second day of the Health 2.0 2008 conference.
* the presentation from Sermo's CEO was quite impressive, especially in terms of number of US physicians that are part of their network.

3 Health 2.0 CEOs

• JonathanBush, CEO AthenaHealth
• process medical claims from doctors and put them into charts (EMR)
• 40 millions different cases
• in business for 10 years
• try to make the doctor office paperless
• process paper based documents (40,000 per day)
• Statistics: doctors get 11% more revenue when using AthenaHealth
• 89 pages of paper come every day for each doctor (mostly by Fax & Teleprinters)
• business model: fee based (by the doctors)

• Daniel Palestrant, MS, CEO Sermo
• social network for doctors
• company started 3 years ago
• 90,000 US physicians 7,000 added each months
• 20% of the US physicians at end of the year.
• direct communication between physician and drug manufacturers (e.g. Pfizer) and the result is published for the whole Sermo community.
• should be cash positive sometimes next year
• extension to the international market planned in 2009
• business model: no charge for the physician (in fact they pay the doctors to be part of the network), no advertising, get revenue from sponsors (e.g. drugs manufacturers)
• work with FDA
• Partnership with Bloomberg.

• Kerry Hicks, CEO Healthgrades
• provide rating and information on healthcare services
• 5000 hospitals and most of the physicians, nursing homes etc ...
• 13 millions piece of information coming each month
• list 88 conditions
• information on 40,000 prescription drugs
• users: 55% women, 45% men
• partnerhip with Google
• 80% of the traffic comes from patients who have seen the patient in the last 30 days

Panel: Health 2.0 around the world

• Video:
• India: diagnosis over the phone including SMS (300 millions cell phones in india), 720 millions by 2012.
• UK: UK: how to reduce healthcare cost

• Thomas Liedtke, Emerging Health Care, ICW
• statistics show that 20-30% of the patients get the wrong medication
• OptiMed deployed for AOK, Germany
• compliance control device
• use iPhone to scan medication

• Marlene WinField, SVP, NHS connecting for health
• improve universal HealthCare in UK
• aggregate services for patients
• 15 million patients
• enable two ways communications between patients and care givers via a Personal Health Organizer / PHR called healthspace
• appointments, calendar, reminders,
• over the counter medication
• access to health organizer
• audit trail for users (who logged etc ...)

• Alex Savic, CEO Alensa
• based in switzerland
• customers in Romenia, Serbia
• eCmmerce platform for para-pharmacy products (selling drugs online is still illegal in Europe)
• health blog network is very useful to help monetize their content (premium posts canbe paid by mobile phone).
• biggest issues are legal issues in europe.

• Paul Meyer, chairman Voxiva
• company started 7 years ago
• provide patients with tips and information on living with a chronic condition
• e.g. disease surveillance system (Peru 2002)
• e.g. interactive risk assessment on hearth and cardiac conditions via SMS (Mexico 2007)
• tools to quickly build applications (e.g. diabetes risk profile population)

• Josh Nesbit, FrontlineSMS
• enables users to send and receive text messages with large groups of people through mobile phones.

• Deb Levine, ISIS
• non profit organization located in Oakland, CA
• SMSs for prevention and referral
• Sexinfo, Realtalk, Data violence prevention etc ...
• E.g. SMS to 61827 'HIVinfo' or 'Text Meds'

• Doug Solomon, CTS, IDEO
• design company (device, software, organization)
• integrate human, business, technology aspects

• Brooke Partridge, CEO, Vital Wave Consulting
• provide HealthCare studies for emerging countries

Deep Dive: American Well
Demo of the AmericanWell, an online medical care services product:

• online services for patients and physicians
• two way conversation (video conference or voice over IP) between doctor and patient
• patient:
• agenda, assessment, provider search, message center, health profile and history.
• integrated with Health Vault
• ability to rate the service delivered by the doctor
• forward conversation to the patient PCP
• doctor:
• claim submitted automatically

HMSA Online Care:

• Hawaii - 7,000 members
• rural country with a large growing senior population
• uninsured young population

Panel: Tools for ConsumersPersonalized, Analytical, Supporting Decisions, Enabling Transactions

• Kevin Nolan, CEO ADAM
• ADAM content using the iphone

• David Clymer, CEO, MyMedLab
• purchase test online
• go to a local lab
• results are reviewed and put into a PHR
• available in 47 US states (except RI, NJ, NY)

• Linda Avey, Co-CEO, 23andMe
• account can be shared
• study paternal/maternal Halogroups
• study health risks (clinical reports, research reports)
• compare family, friend genes

• Mari Baker, CEO, Navigenics
• goal: introduce personalized medecine in HealthCare
• offers access to a genetic counselor
• estimated lifetime risks
• recommendations to reduce health risks
  
• Adam Bosworth, CEO, KEAS
• demo of My Health Plan
• todo list, overall progress, lab results, meal, exercise action plan
• import data from google health
• tracking vital signs and process over time
• warning about health risks

• Roy Schoenberg, CEO AmericanWell
• demo online services for patients and physicians

• Stan Nowak, CEO, Silverlink

• Michael Cho, CEO, Destination Rx
• 50 millions customers
• help manage medicine cabinet
• provides warnings about drug interactions
• offer ways to lower cost (therapeutic alternatives/generics) including dosage
• therapeutic alternatives covers 200 tops drugs in the US

• Erick VonSchweber, CEO, PharmaSurveyor
• regimen survey tool
• transferred from partners (Google, Destination Rx ...) using CCR
• interaction drugs panel
• ability to replace one drug by another one if there is an elevated risk

• Alexandra Drane, President, Eliza

• Marlene Beggelmman, CEO, Enhanced Medical Decision
• demo: doublecheckmd: Decision support tool for patients
• use questionnaire
• offer medical recommendations/advices

• Stefanie Fenton, Director Market Development, Intuit Quicken Health Group

Getting Past the Privacy Conundrum

• Carol Diamond, & Josh Lemieux Markle Foundation
• presentation of connectingforhealth.org

• Kepa Zubeldia, EVP, Ingenix

• James Dempsey, Policy Director, Center for Democracy and Technology

• Phillips Marshall, VP, WebMD Health

• Richard Dick, CEO, You Take Control

• Jennifer Gilburg, Verisign
• demo of VIP : a consumer solution for authentication
• one time token ID generated by hardware token
• hosted service
• SSO usable across different web applications

• Robert Shelton, CEO, private Access
• goal: harmonization of privacy and access
• demo of PrivacyLayer

• Alan Viars, CEO, Videntity
• Verification and authentication tools
• REST based API
• verification by voice over IP + Pin & voice recognition

Panel: Genomics online * For the patient, there is a benefit knowing in advance the health risks associated to his/her genetic background. This type of information give some type of empowerment to the patient as well.

• Linda Avey, Co-CEO, 23andMe
• $399 per genetic analysis study
• 4-6 weeks for the result
• 23andWe: sharing information about surveys (phenotype)

• Tera Eerkes, CEO, QTrait
• Genetic testing
• $99 per genetic analysis study
• dashboard with risk factors
• technical reports that can be shared with the physician
• non technical report to share with friends and family
• specific tests for mate/couple genetic matching to reduce health risks

• Mari Baker, CEO, Navigenics
• partnership with affymetrix and Microsoft HealthVault.
• scripps genomics health initiative

• Ilya Kupershmidt, Co-founder, VP of Product Management , NextBio
• 1/2 million users (researcher, consumers)
• 60 million pages of resources
• use public experimental data
• clinical trials information
• use ontology to summarize the relevant information data

• Daniel Reda, Co-Founder, CureTogether
• demo of CureTogether
• health tracking tools will be added
• data to be use for gene discovery
• twitter for your health

Demo Panel: Disease Management 2.0

• Stan Nowak, CEO Silverlink, Silverlink
• recommendation: try to model and automate the routine healthcare activities
• communication programs for disease management
• a way to drive behavior (to reduce cost and improve performance of chealthcare).
• interactive phone calls with health coach
• educate patients how to save money on drugs

• Suneel Ratan & Ileana Welte, SVP, Health Hero Network
• recommendation: keep give supports to your customers to improve the relationship with the patient
• health body applicance / tele-health platform
• connect patients and care givers (e.g. institutions)
• 27,000 customers every day
• biggest provider to the veteran administration
• reduce customer care cost by 20%

• Neal Kaufman, CEO, DPS Health
• recommendation: try to mimic face to face visits
• weight management program application
• internet coach send notes to the patient using past performance
• integrated with an EMR
• lessons, workbook, tracking plan, resources and communication tools
• graphs showing performance
• send weekly feedback
• GUI need some refreshing/update (need a modern look and feel) !

• Don Kemper, CEO, HealthWise
• recommendation: help each person to help themselves, improve their live and say no to the caregiver when needed!
• guided self disease management
• $60 per nurse call
• for details, send email to moreinfo@healthwise.com

• Neal Kaufman, CEO, DPS Health

Health 2.0 - 2008 (San Francisco) - Day 1

This year, the Health 2.0 2008 conference crowd is definitively larger than last year. I was expecting also a larger exhibition as well, but in fact, the action really seems to take place in the panel discussions and meeting people and peers rather than on the demo booths. However there were some interesting demos during the panel sessions.

The future of Health 2.0 (Indu Subaiya - Matthew Holt)What is the best way to engage people to use Heathcare Apps?

=> A survey provided some interesting information:

• most frequent channel is conversation
• social media is much more credible when coupled with Health expertise (e.g. blogs, videosharing, wikipedia).

=> Tools are changing dramatically (Personalized, Analysis, Decision support, transactions)

• Search Social networks (still the top application), tools, content, Transaction data
• Health 2.0 Accelerator initiative (To help launch Health 2.0 related ventures).

Keynote : Here Comes Health - Clay Shirky

Clay talked abou this boook:
Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations

• aggregation is different: a group of patient behave different from single patients
• add more value (interaction between participants adds synergy
• information: most of the traffic on the internet is between people, not computers
• e.g Yahoo! 178,000 groups in Yahoo! groups
• patient centric medicine (me and people/patients like me).

Documentary: The Great American Health 2.0 Motorcycle TourAn interesting video created by Health 2.0 wher David Kibbe visits (on a motorbike) new Health 2.0 companies and models models throughout the US

• Context: 47 millions americans do not have Health coverage
• Hello Health : New business model of primary care physicians and their patients
• Minute clinic: data is uploaded to Microsoft Health Vault and Google Health
• Change Healthcare
• Google Health
• Healthline
• MedHelp
• Kosmix

Panel: The role of the Consumers Aggregators

• Wayne Gattinelle, Philip Marshall, WebM
• presentation of the Verizon HealthZone (branded WebMD web site/application)
• alert, visit, Conditions, Medications, Allergies, Surgeries, Immunizations, Tests
• medication advisor: decision support for cost and benefits

• Michael Yang, Yahoo!
• collaboration with water front
• deal with healthgrades
• presented new visual design for the next generation applications
• new front door access from Yahoo! Health
• a profile page describing the physician will be available
• collaboration with water front media
  deal with healthgrades

• Roni Zeiger, MD, Product Manager, Google Health & Brad Crosslin, PDX (Google partner)
• Demo showing integration of Google Health with pharmacies
• Myer 10 Millions patients
• Duane Reade (export data into Google Health)

• Peter Neupert, Health Solution Group, Microsoft
• partnership with Kaiser (glimpse at the demo)
• demonstration of PHR (www.myhealthManager.com) 2.5 millions users currently.
• capabilities to export data into Microsoft HealthVault
• shows which information is sent to Microsoft (wrapped into a HL7 document)

• Mark Bertolini, President, Aetna
• 3rd largest insurance in the US
• 3200 IT personal
• cost of care tool
• partnership with Microsoft (Health Vault)
• PHR
• 7 millions users by the end of 2008
• one million of alerts every 3 months

Panel: Search, UGc and the Long Trail, Matthew Holt & Indu Subaiya- Personalization is very important

• Venky Harinarayan, Co founder, Kosmix/Right health
• demo of Right health
• vertical search engine
• search results on medical content, community, forums
• 2nd web site after WebMD
• aggregate services

• Well Shell, CEO, HealthLine Networks
• content provided from 20 partners
• 70% of the search are related to symptoms
• learning centers automatically generated
• drug search including FDA alerts and drugs interaction checker
• patient decision support as outcome of the search

• Steven Krein, CEO, Organized Wisdom
• use a team of medical personal to search Google and hand craft search results
• long tail search: very specific and personal questions (e.g. side effect of hip surgery) that are answered by organized wisdom.
• research notes + top resources that are created for aggregated groups of users
• 20,000 patient cards
• Organized Wisdom is going to create profiles for every doctors, dentists and practitioners.

• Tom Eng, President, Healia/Meredith Group
• vertical search engine: provides high quality trusted results (patent pending algorithm)
• health communities: locate patients close by and 'ask questions' feature.

• Bill Allman, The HealthCentral Network

• Ben Heywood, PatientsLikeMe
• 300 patients answering questions related to ALS & Lithium
• look at prediction models for patients (evidence based medecine).

• Daniel Palestrant, Founder and CEO, Sermo
• millions of questions on their site
• very interesting study case of allergy form Victoria's secret Bras that was detected by Sermo after studying new group posts.

• John De Souza, CEO, MedHel

• Gilles Frydman, Founder ACOR(Association of Cancer Online Resources)
• provides specific information not found on google (e.g. very rare medical cases)

Demo Panel: Managing Money in Health 2.0* Money starts to play a role in Health 2.0 as transactions start to take more importance.

• Christopher Parks, CEO, Change HealthCare
• demo: tool to share, compare and track healthcare expense
• business models: licensing by employers
• detailed medical bills
• summary by family member, by provider, by service date, by health issue
• average cost per providers for 5 providers in the same area <= nice!

• Stefanie Fenton, Quicken Health Group, Intuit
• demo of Quicken Health to be launch in 2009 for UnitedHealthcare, CIGNA HealthCare, and Medical Mutual of Ohio initially
• business model: pay per transaction + license fees
• visited more than 300 people to understand their healthcare finance need (the amount of bills/paper tracks can be very large)
• 3 years of development
• health plan claims are dowloaded
• claims to be paids, deductibles with break down on each items how it is reimbursed (as tooltips)
• payment history with patterns of spending that can be exported for taxe purpose

• Phil Micali, CEO, Bwell-inc.com
• demo of bwell informed launched last year (B2B and B2C)
• business models: licensing by employers
• include saving accounts, health profile, compare family plans <= very nice!

• Chini Krishnan, CEO, Vimo & GetInsured.com

• Brandt Cannici, Co-Founder and COO, Medicaresaver.com
• demo of medicaresaver.com
• business model: commisions and strategic partneships
• includes therapeutic interchange proposal and generate letter for doctor <= cool!
• compare restricted and non-restricted plans
• focus on seniors
• no advertizing, HIPAA compliant

Demo Panel: Clinician Social Networks

• Rex Jabovits, Mypac.net
• YouTube or Flickr for radiology
• more than 18,000 cases containing more than 90,000 images
• Sharing of medical images (flash + ajax)
• free service funded in part by the National Institutes of Health.

• Jason Bhan, Co-founder, Ozmosis
• online Medical Knowledge Exchange
• accelerates learning and knowledge exchange across medicine
• journal club, clinical cases, groups etc ...

• Michael Sands, Co-Founder, MedicalPlexus
• ecosystem/network in which doctors and life science researchers can connect, interact, and share their work
• learning from and Sharing Knowledge with other professionals/colleagues using questions and answers

• Lance Hilll, CEO, Within 3
• private professional networking site for health and life science practitioners to find, connect and collaborate (the linkedin for medical practitioners)
• ability to communicate news and event information
• find colleagues with similar interest by location
• consultation with specialist on atypical cases, new treatments etc ...
• offer ways to build communities
• REST APIs will be available in 2009 to access member data

• Tobin Arthur, CEO, iMedExchange
• online community for physicians

See also Day 2 of the conference.

IEEE HealthCom 2008

• The Tenth IEEE International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications & Services (IEEE HealthCom 2008) takes place from 7th July to 9th July 2008 in Singapore (BioPolis - Matrix building 4th floor).
• 130 attendees. 50% from oversea.
• papers: 40% acceptance rate

• Below are my notes of the presentations/sessions I have attended:

Keynote: A Road to Disease Prevention through Telemedecine and e-Health - Prof. Luis Kun Ph.D. FAIMBE, FIEEE.

• Very interesting presentation on various topics: Interoperability and Globalization!

• Interoperability is needed not only in Technology, but also in Process and People.
• Dimension of time in CPR: Very often patient Dental, Mental health, Behavioral, Immunization, Prenatal, Labor and Delivery, Family postmortem related information is often not available at the hospital which increase medical errors.
• We need single PHRs throughout the lives of the individuals (e.g. Dod and VA administration do not have access to non-military information sources).
  
• Longitudinal Health Record (LHR) and intelligent Data WareHouses will be able to acquire and store multi-modality medical Data, fuse it into clinical records, along with laboratory, anatomical pathology, pharmacy, imaging and bio-molecular data, importing data from existing EHR.
  
• However, privacy, confidentiality and ethical issues remain.
• Prof Kun also mentionned the HRBA (Health Record Banking Alliance), a way to promote community repositories of electronic health records - in competition with Goolge Health & MS Health Vault private initiatives?
• Mobile interoperability: we need better wireless devices integration through standards.
• More use of micro-systems body worn, implanted mobile systems and location based systems.
  
• Chronobiology and chronotherapeutics: taking in consideration the time when you take drugs can be very important.
• PHRs should be compatible across countries (to take into account he health history of immigrants for example).
  

• Globalization We are more interdependent that we think, thus increasing health risks, war, pollution:
  
• Populations size and migration increase.
• Food is imported/exported from more and more countries.
• Global dust cloud across continents can help transmit diseases.

Session: Geriatrics and Eldercare : a lot of various sensors and methods are used automatically to track behavior.

• IC Tag Monitoring System Identifies an Unusual Pattern of Toilet use by Patient with Vascular Dementia - (Japan - Hospital Chubu region)
• Tags are put on the shoulder of the patients with patches.
  
• Technology is used to complement training of personnel provides more precise real time monitoring, especially at night-time.
  
• Allow statistical studies when merged with demographic and other health related data.
• Discover specific unusual behavior patterns - e.g. a patient can walk up to 10 km per day, or up to 150 times per day to the toilet (non incontinent patient).
• Future work will involve combination of tracking staff activities with patient activities.

• Automatic detection of Activities of Daily living from detecting and classifying electrical events on the residential power line - Norbet Noury - (university of Grenoble)
• Goal tracking: tracking systems, used to trigger alarms.
  
• Watteco : a detector placed in the main electrical supply board to detect instantaneous signatures.
• Issues: non automatic learning system: setup has to be done manually.
• Use different weight for various appliances.
• Issues: need to take into account seasonal variations
  
• Activities tracking:
• feeding, grooming, toilets, day vs night activities

• Smart Wireless Continence Management System for Elderly with Dementia.
• use sensor / wetness detection / placed in diapers (cost $50 per sensor -reusable).
• plan to use RFID as well
  
• care giver alerted through LED, Buzzer, 3D /GUI and SMS alerts.
  

• Eating Activity Primitives Detection - a step towards ADL recognition.
• basic safety, daily living and social interactions
  
• person location
• use of potential harmful objects
• Combination of sensors: motion detecting PIS, pressure, accelerometer, RFID.
  

• Approaches and Principles of Fall Detection for Elderly and Patient.
• 4 types of falls: from sleeping, from sitting, from walking or standing, from standing on ladder, stool.
• Devices
  
• Wearable devices (postures, motion) - e.g. walking sticks
  
• Camera based (inactivity detection, body shapec change, 3D head motion)
• Ambiance devices (presence, posture)

Session: Knowledge Management and Ontology in HealthCare.

• Design and implementation of a Knowledge-Based Applications in Specimen Collection
• Tests collection by phlebotomy stations - tracking done via ATOM system
  
• Barcode Lab Information System (LIS) based demographic and session ID labels are added to testing tubes/containers.
• COW (Computer on Wheels) systems at point of care (used by doctor and phlebotomist).
• Reduce the number of human errors dramatically.
• Issue: multiple distributed systems can still lead to errors (e.g. if there has been delays in the production of the lab results).

• An Ontology-Based Framework for Managing Semantic Interoperability Issues in e-Health (Singapore).
• Need to decouple domain knowledge from underlying intelligent agent infrastructure.
• Use ontology (explicit domain knowledge) used by multi-agent systems.
• However, domain knowledge can be very complex.
• Semantic interoperability is an issue in Health Care - same object for various terms e.g. Anemometer or Sphygmomanometer.
• Context must be brought in.
• Use of dialogs/predictions
• Issues: multi-language interpretation

• Management of Mobile Social ntework services for families with Developmental Delay Children (Taiwan)

• Assessment of User Satisfaction with an Internet-Based Integrated Patient Education System for Diabetes Management.
• different types of formats are used (e.g. text, powerpoint etc ...)
  

• A Framework for Personalized HealthCare Service Recommendation (South Korea)
  
• see Healthcare provider recommendation system (Bachus et al.) - US patent
• However there is a need for personalization
• HSRF provides personalized results.
• Integrated with MUSS - Mobile U-Health Service Ststem (see Lee et al)
• Health Status is a combination of Bio Signals & Symptoms
• Health Vector is generated from patient information.
• Heuristic calculates the distanced between users vectors and vectors of services
• Use satisfaction / user feedback to refine the recommendations.
• Technology use is JSP, AXIS, MYSQL

Session: Security and Privacy in HealthCare

• A Web-Based Wireless Mobile System design of Security and Privacy Framework for ubiquituous HealthCare (u-HealthCare) - San Jose, CA
  
• SSL, data encryption, Windows based solution
  

• Secure WBAN Usng Rule-Based IDS with Biometrics and MAC Authentication - India
• Use Wireless Sensor Networks (sink +sensor) for medical monitoring.
• Take into account constraints in Sensor Network Security
• Use strong public key Cryptography technology
• Cost factor is the limitation
• Denial of service are the type of attacks that are prevented
  

• Privacy-preserving EHR linkage using pseudonyms identifiers.
• Need to allow patient to keep certain linkages private (e.g. abortion, drug addiction clinics)
• Need to link only records belonging to the same patient
• Need to override privacy rules in emergencies?

Session: Discovery

• Highly Interactive and User Friendly Web Application for People with Diabetes
  
• based on open platform (openEHealth.org)
  
• Training Program for e-Health in Tokai University (Japan)
  
• Ride Comfort Analysis Based on Tilting Train Simulator for e-Health Train (Korea)
  
• Development of the Support System to Help Team Care for Home Care
• Security and Privacy fro WiMoHS (Wireless Mobile Healthcare System)
• A Case Report on a e-Learning for Health Initiative in the Philippines
• Comparison and Optimization of Methods fro Intra-Disc Vascular Architecture Extraction

Keynote: e-Health from the hands of Patients - Prof Yu-Chuang (Institute Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University Tapei).

• H2H Exchange: Medical Information Exchange Center. Attempts to interconnect EHRs were not very sucessful. The main reason is that the providers were reluctant.
  
• Could ATM machines be a model for Hospital-centric exchange? The problem is that hospitals are afraid to loose patients/customers (in the case of ATM machines, bank accounts are not transfered, whereas EHR transfer would be similar to full bank account transfer).
• Patients should be the one who initiate the transferts: H2P2H exchange and the content of Health Record belongs to the patient.
• Standard format?
  
• Health Smart Card started in 2004 was a success however.
• 23M Health Smart cards (non RSA card)
• 100K Health professionals would would have RSA cards
• issues:
  
• too small for EHR (8KB)
• patients do not have a reader for their card
• TMT: Taiwan Electronic Medical Record Templates (2007-2011)
• 70 templates, 24K data elements, 3 years.
• A couple of days are necessary to map templates to hospital documents
  
• Patient centric, initiated and own exchange (PIX).
• XML based, signed , but not encrypted
• Masking function available for the user to keep privacy
  
• Patients will be able to use viewers at home to see their records (open source)
  
• Data can be stored on USB disks or to Health Data Bank
• 11 largest hospitals (27K beds) -
  
• 2000 pilot patients
• Would expand to 7M (30% of the population) in 5 years.
  
• TET (Travelers Electronic Health Summary)
  
• template-based approach
  
• Endorsed by APEC, IMIA, EFMI, AMIA, APAMI
• some degree if international interoperability
• 88 data elements. Similar to CCR.

Session: e-Health

• Assistive Care Loop with Electronic Maternity Record -D.B. Hoang - Univ. Sydney.
  
• provide alert, notifications, advices (SMS, email)
• A Framework for Assessing ICT Preparedness for e-Health Implementation
• Information and Communications Technology Needs Assessment of Philippine Rural Health.
• few people own laptops, but a lot of people have cell phones.
  
• An Approach for E-Health System Assessing ICT Preparedness for e-Health Implementations.
• An Empirical Analysis of Reduction of Medical Expenditures by the e-Health System: Further Results.
• Challenging Interoperability and Bandwidth Issues in National e-Health Strategies by a Bottom-up Approach: Establishing a Performant IT Infrastructure Network in a Middle East . State Vienna University of Technology.

Session: Communication Technology in Mobile HealthCare

• Power and Delay Aware Mobile Application Data Flow Adaptation: the Mobihealth System Case study - Kataryna Wac - University Geneva.
  
• patient tele-monitoring services (cardiac sensor: HR, SpO2, pleth, 3 led ECG, alarm (128 Hz)
  
• use 2.5/3G WLAN and bluetooth andTMSI box (NL)
• started in 2001 with Vodafone (Mobihealth) - worked with mobihealth, vodafone and Myotel
• in 205-06 (project HealthService24)
• in 2004-08 : Freeband-awareness - location, time, standing status of the patient.
• in 2008 - MobiHealth BV - Commercial application
• in 2009 - Myotel project
• study the optimization of the battery consumption (li-ion polymer 1490 mAh), match delay requirement to emergency/non emergency case.
• Mobile device: Qtek 9090, Windows Mobile 203 (battery drain!)
• WWLAN (802.11b) & WWAN-GPRS (class 10: 4+1/3+2 slots)
• Appplication flow: 5-14 Bytes, 128 Hz, aggregation 1 sec of Data., compression (ZIP) 38-85%, TCI/IP end to end path. continuous 1.2, 1.5, 5.5 or .7.7 kbps or burst 5.5 or 7.7 kbps
• A study on Intra-Body Communication for Personal HeathCare Monitoring System - Waseda University, Japan
• use human body (skin and muscle) as signal transmission medium
• use ECG (future plan to use other types of sensors)
• use central hub
  
• use 3-USB receiver Unit (USB2.0/1-1 12mbps
• transmiter: Agilent E443B, receiver: tektronix WCAA230
• 75 MHZ is found to be the optimal frequency for intra-Body human skin communication (electrostatic coupling model).
• weather and sweating have small effects on the results.
  
• A Platform for Personalized Mobile u-Health Application Design and Development - Korea
  
• MUSS Mobile U-Health Service System (Application Platform) + Workbench
• Application model i sbased on 5 phases (sensing, Questionaire, Data processing, Disease Management User feedback).
• MUSS: 3 layers
  
• Component : combine web services
  
• Process : BPM engine
  
• Application: Application Designer + scenario player are store in application portal
  
• Application designer generates Application scenario in XML format for stand alone or web application.
• Process consist of activities
• the platform is written in Java
  
• the client is written in C++ and C#
  
• Heath Care specialist can create questionaires via the Questionaire composer.
• Example: Stress Application
• sensing: Bluetooth PPG sensor
• questionaire: stress response inventory
• Future work: application designer will use conditional and more complex workflow.